How to do web development with Java? – A complete guide

Web development with java

Web development with java is considered the most used programming language. Dynamic web pages can easily be created with Java where users can interact with the interface also. For web developers, Java platforms provide different web technologies for building web applications. These web applications can be created without using any additional scripting language. The codes of Java language can run on any operating system. It can work on any device like mobile, laptop, tablet, etc. This language also has the best memory management system.

Benefits and features of Java language that are helpful in web development

Although there are different programming languages for web development java is the only choice for most web developers because they considered Java the well-established, powerful, and flexible tool for building web applications. It is the most popular language and to find its resources and help are also so easy, so they choose it over other languages.
This language also provides an extensive standard library. This library of java provides different tools that include various common tasks such as input, output, networking, GUI, etc. to web developers.
Some benefits of Java Language are mentioned below.

Java is platform independent

Its platform is independent which is one of its main features. Platform independence means it can run on any device regardless of the operating system. Java developers do not need to put extra effort to run all the java applications on different devices or platforms. So, the developers do not need to worry about changing the hardware or operating system.
This language is highly portable, developers can rewrite, and reuse the code anywhere they want. It can be used in different platform applications.

Java is highly secure

Java language is the choice of most developers because of its high security. It has many built-in security features that are very helpful for web development like cryptography, access control, authentication, etc. Developers can use API by using these features and this includes digital signatures, ciphers, secure login mechanisms creating custom security policies, and many more.

Java has worldwide applications

Java language is used in different applications is a good thing for developers it is used in different popular websites like facebook.com, eBay.com, amazon.com, twitter.com, etc. Any kind of web application can be developed using Java language whether it is related to financial services or health care services. It is also good for the latest technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), cloud computing, the Internet of Things (IoT), games, data mining, etc.

Compiled and Interpreted

Other programming languages are either compiled or interpreted but Java Language supports both compiled and interpreted approaches. That’s why it is known as a two-stage system. The compiler of Java translates the code into bytecode instructions and the interpreter of java generates machine code. The machine that is running the java application directly executes the code.
Java is an object-oriented programming language
Java is the most popular language and one of the most important reasons is being object-oriented. This feature is highly in demand for web development. In java, the objects are created, and they can be reused across any application which helps in lowering the cost. And this feature keeps the system flexible, modular, etc.

Java supports multi-threading

Java built-in applications can easily manage different users and threads at the same time. Java creates multiple threads in a single copy so, developers do not need to run different copies of codes on the same hardware. This multi-threading capability of java supports different operations, faster performance, quick response time, fewer issues, etc.

How to do web development with Java

Java web applications are running on the internet today. Behind simple web applications, there are combinations of technologies that are working. Two ends are working in a web application i.e., the front end and the back end. Now let’s first understand this.

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Front End

The front end is the part from where the user accesses the application. And the approaches that are working on the front end are JSP and HTML.

Back end

The back end is the part that needs to develop and handled and controlled through the backend process. It is the part where data management and data records are done. It is known as server side.
For web development in Java, many platforms and technologies are in use to generate these different websites.

Technologies for Java Web Applications

The technologies that are working on the front end and back end are mentioned below.

Servlet API

The package of Servlet API has various interfaces for example servlet, filter, filter chain, servletconfig, and many others. servers are used to host applications and servlet increases their potential. The web applications that are made using servlet with Java language follow the model of request-response. Servlet provides different services to its users for web development like platform-independent service.
Servlet also provides many other services like presenting data from databases or any other 3rd source and collecting information through forms of web pages. The purpose of the servlet is to process the request of the client and present them the conclusions after consulting with different databases. So, these servlets are the programs of java that run on the web pages and send clients’ requests to the servers.
You require the following functions in servlet.
getParameter()
getRequestDispatcher()
forward (request, response)

Java Server Pages (JSP)

Java Server Pages (JSP) are platform and Server independent, developers use them to create web content rapidly. Developers can use the Java Server Pages technology to access the entire family of Java APIs in place of having files of separate Common Gateway Interface (CGI) for dynamic components in pages of HTML.
Java Server Pages tags help in putting Java code in HTML pages so, with the help of web development can be done so easily. Elements of the Java Server Page technology govern the dynamic movement of web content and these pages have static data which can be put in HTML, WML, XML, etc. with the help of JSP technology, servlet code snippets can be added directly in a text-based document. Java EE provides a JSP prominent technology for building complex dynamic web pages rapidly which helps developers a lot.

Java Database Connectivity API

It has different methods and queries to access the databases. If the web applications contain Java Database connectivity drivers, any client can update any information on the database. The Java Database Connectivity drivers that connect the databases are given below.
JDBC-ODBC bridge driver
Native Driver
Network Protocol Driver
Thin Driver
Clients can delete, add, save and access by connecting to the database through means of applications that are made with JDBC API. JDBC can read any database and from that database, it accordingly generates an XML of the data format.
Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) API helps in both synchronous and asynchronous processing. And the results are shown to the clients in a very simple way via Java Database Connectivity. It also supports different Standard Query Language statements and queries which help connect to different databases.

Java Persistence API (JPA)

To connect an object-oriented model with databases, Java Persistence API uses object-relational mapping. Java persistence manages relational data in Java applications. Java Persistence uses to retrieve and store large amounts of data from the database constantly.
By using an object-relational approach, Java Persistence helps you to communicate with the database you do not need to use different codes and frameworks to do this. Java Persistence Approach is made of different methods and efficient classes that help you to connect to different databases.

JavaServer Faces (JSF) Technology

The framework of this technology is a user-interface that helps to generate web-based interfaces. One of the simplest models of JavaServer Faces helps in yielding components in different markup languages. Different data sources and server-side event handlers connect different user interface widgets. JavaServer Faces helps in reusing and extending existing standard user interface components in the construction of interfaces. To create and maintain web applications JavaServer Forces technology saves time for web developers by reducing their efforts.

How to create a web application using Java

Before creating a web application using you need to install some software for writing codes and dealing with databases. First, install Java IDE for putting code, for servlet install Server (tomcat), and databases install MySQL or Oracle on your PC.
For the development and implementation of web applications Tomcat can be configured with Eclipse. First, find the version of your Tomcat Server by choosing the Server runtime environment from Eclipse. Then identify the location of the Apache Tomcat directory and the JRE information for the runtime environment. Then go to the server interface and create the server. And now you are ready to create and run your first servlet on the tomcat server.
Now go to the eclipse IDE select the file and click on the Dynamic web project by clicking on the new option. Then enter the name of your project according to your choice and for the location of the project go for the default settings. Select the web.xml deployment descriptor by clicking on the next option and choose the option of finish.
For creating the skeleton code of the servlet, create the servlet by clicking on file then new, and then Servlet and selecting the finish option.
If you have not added the servlet-api jar file, it will show different errors in the code of Servlet. You need to add a file first by clicking on the project and going for these options build path – configure build path – add external JARs option.
Now go to the directory where you installed a server and select the servlet -api.jar file, select the open button before clicking on the apply option and close it. The file will be added. Servlets are difficult to deal with and maintain big responses having dynamic data, but they are so good in the beginning. That’s why developers go for Java Server Pages (JSP) option.

Dynamic content can be generated using java server pages. on pages. Some features are similar to HTML and it is a server-side technology. Data can easily be written and presented by using Java Server Pages because they are similar to HTML.
Now for running the app, right-click on the project and select run – run on server option to run it on the server. Loading of the app will take some time but the output, date, and time will be the same using Java Server Pages (JSP)or servlet file.

JavaScript website example

The use of JavaScript is worldwide. Many top websites in the world use JavaScript.
Below are the 10 examples of websites that use JavaScript.
Google
Google is a well-known search engine worldwide. It uses JavaScript for both front-end and back-end.

YouTube
YouTube was first created in 2005, and it is the most famous platform for sharing videos. In terms of web traffic, YouTube ranked on number second.

Facebook
This platform is written using JavaScript and a few other stacks. It is the most popular social media platform. Instagram, WhatsApp, Oculus, etc., also include in this company.

Wikipedia
Wikipedia is written using JavaScript, PHP, and a few other stacks. Its design is very simple, and it does not display ads. It is also known as the encyclopedia of the internet.

Yahoo!
Yahoo! is built on JavaScript, HTML, and many more. Its homepage has news, email, and search engine.

Amazon
Amazon is built on Java, Perl, and others. It is a global marketplace for purchasing things. It is ranked as the largest e-commerce marketplace in the world.

eBay
eBay is built using Java, Oracle, and others. It is an online platform for shopping. It is also known as an auction service.

QQ
Along with JavaScript, Oracle, PHP, and others are used in QQ. This is very popular in China and not so well known in North America. It includes in the list of most visited websites in the world.

Twitter
Twitter is becoming very popular for people for sharing news. It is built using Java, Oracle, and others.

LinkedIn
LinkedIn is a platform for professionals built using Oracle, Java, JavaScript, and many others.

Final Words

Web development is providing different platforms to customers. If you have an internet connection, you can do it anywhere. Simple to complex web applications can be made. Web developers use different languages of their own choice to make static or dynamic content on web pages. Java is one of those programming languages and different top-ranked websites are using Java for web development.
Choosing this language is always a good option whether you are at the beginner level or an experienced person. The uses of Java in web development are countless.